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HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT PAINT SYSTEM Guidelines for coating protection in accordance with ISO 12944
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INTRODUCTION
The purpose of the ”How to select the right paint system” study is to help you select the most adequate Hempel coating system to protect your structure against corrosion. All steel structures, facilities and installations exposed to atmosphere, staying under water or in soil, suffer because of corrosion and consequently require protection from the harms of corrosion during their lifetime. Throughout this study you will find important information regarding paint technology, criteria for right paint selection and surface preparation requirements. This study has been prepared in accordance with the latest edition of the International Standard ISO 12944 “Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems”. Hempel’s own guidelines and recommendations for coating protection technology are also included. Outlined at the end of this study are generic coating systems recommended by Hempel for different corrosive environments.
This study is to be considered as a guide and to be of no binding.
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INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................03 1. HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT PAINT SYSTEM .....................................................................06 a. Environmental Corrosivity .....................................................................................06 b. The type of surface to be protected .....................................................................09 c. The durability required for a paint system .........................................................09 d. Planning the paint application process ...............................................................09 2. SURFACE PREPARATION........................................................................................................ 10 2.1. 0007Surface preparation grades............................................................................................. 10 A. 00070007Grades of surface preparation according to the ISO 8501-1 standard.................. 10 B. 0007Surface preparation grades after high pressure water cleaning . ..........................12 2.2. Types of surfaces . ............................................................................................................ 14 A. Steel surfaces ............................................................................................................... 14 a. A bare steel structure with no previous protective coatings ............................. 14 b. A steel surface covered with shopprimers . ........................................................ 15 c. 0007A steel surface coated with a paint system which needs to be maintained.... 16 B. 0007Hot dipped galvanized steel, aluminium and stainless steel surfaces . ................ 16 a. Hot dipped galvanized steel ................................................................................. 16 b. Aluminium and stainless steel ............................................................................. 16 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. MAXIMUM SERVICE TEMPERATURES ............................................................................... 17 4. HEMPEL PAINTS.......................................................................................................................18 4.1. Generic Types.................................................................................................................... 18 4.2. Explanation of Hempel product names......................................................................... 18 4.3. Hempel’s Shade Identification........................................................................................ 21 5. USEFUL DEFINITIONS..............................................................................................................22 Volume solids.............................................................................................................................22 Theoretical Spreading Rate......................................................................................................22 Practical Consumption..............................................................................................................22 6. HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS.......................................................................................................23 C1/C2 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY............................................................................................. 24 C3 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY....................................................................................................26 C4 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY....................................................................................................28 C5-I CORROSIVITY CATEGORY..................................................................................................30 C5-M CORROSIVITY CATEGORY...............................................................................................32 IMMERSED STRUCTURES........................................................................................................34 HEAT RESISTANT STRUCTURES...............................................................................................36 5
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HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT PAINT SYSTEM
Selecting the correct paint system for protection against corrosion requires a variety of factors to be taken into account to ensure that the most economical and best technical solution is achieved. For each project the most important factors to consider before selecting a protective coating are:
a. Environmental corrosivity When selecting a paint system it is vitally important to work out the conditions in which the structure, facility or installation is to operate. To establish the effect of environmental corrosivity, the following factors must be taken into account: • 0007Humidity and temperature (service temperature and temperature gradients) • The presence of UV radiation • 0007Chemical exposure (e.g. specific exposure in industrial plants) • 0007Mechanical damage (impact, abrasion etc)
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In the case of buried structures their porosity must be considered and the ground conditions which they are subject to. The dampness and pH of the terrain and biological exposure to bacteria and micro-organisms are of critical importance. In the case of water, the type and chemical composition of the water present is also significant.
The corrosive aggressiveness of the environment will have an effect on: • the type of paint used for protection • the total thickness of a paint system • the surface preparation required • 0007minimum and maximum recoating intervals Note that the more corrosive the environment, the more thorough the surface preparation required. The recoating intervals must also be strictly observed. Part 2 of ISO 12944 standard gives the corrosion classifications for atmospheric conditions, soil and water. This standard is a very general evaluation based on the corrosion time for carbon steel and zinc. It does not reflect specific chemical, mechanical or temperature exposure. However the standard specification may still be accepted as a good indicator for paint system projects as a whole.
HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT PAINT SYSTEM
ISO 12944 distinguishes 5 basic atmospheric corrosivity categories: C1 C2 C3
very low low medium
C4 high C5-I very high (industrial) C5-M very high (marine)
Outlined below is how these classifications are applied: (The table numbers refer to the product listings as given in section 6 of this study, Hempel Paint Systems.) Atmospheric corrosivity categories according to ISO 12944 standard: Corrosivity category C1 very low
Environment examples
Hempel’s paint systems
Exterior
Interior
-
Heated buildings with a clean atmosphere such as offices, shops, schools, hotels.
Page 24 - 25
C2 low
Atmosphere contaminated to a small extent, mainly rural regions.
Buildings which are not heated, where condensation may occur e.g. storehouses, sports halls.
Page 24 - 25
C3 medium
Industrial and urban atmosphere with an average sulphur oxide (IV) contamination level. Inshore areas of low salinity.
Production space of high humidity and certain air contamination e.g. foodstuff plants, laundries, breweries, dairies.
Page 26 - 27
C4 high
Industrial areas and inshore areas of medium salinity.
Chemical plants, swimming pools, ship repair yards.
Page 28 - 29
C5-I very high (industrial)
Industrial areas of high humidity and aggressive atmosphere.
Buildings and areas of almost constant condensation and high contamination.
Page 30 - 31
C5-M very high (marine)
Inshore areas and offshore areas of high salinity.
Buildings and areas of almost constant condensation and high contamination.
Page 32 - 33
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The categories for water and soil according to the ISO 12944 standard are shown as: Im1 fresh water Im2 sea or brackish water Im3 soil
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Corrosivity categories
Environment
Examples of environments and structures
Im1
Fresh water
River installations, hydroelectric power plants
Im2
Sea or brackish water
Seaports with the following structures: sluice gate, locks (water steps), water stilts, piers, offshore structures
Im3
Soil
Underground tanks, steel stilts, pipelines
Hempel’s paint systems
Page 34 - 35
HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT PAINT SYSTEM b. A type of protected surface Designing a coating system normally involves dealing with constructional materials such as steel, hot dipped galvanized steel, spray-metallized steel, aluminium or stainless steel. The surface preparation, the paint products used (particularly the primer) and the total system thickness will depend mainly on the constructional material to be protected.
c. 0007The durability required for a paint system The lifetime of a paint system is assumed to be the period of time which passes until maintenance is required for the first time after application. ISO 12944 specifies a range of three time frames to categorise durability: LOW - L MEDIUM - M HIGH - H
2 to 5 years 5 to 15 years more than 15 years
d. Planning the paint application process The building schedule and the various stages of construction of any particular project determine how and when the paint system needs to be applied. Consideration needs to be given to materials at their prefabrication stage, when components are being prefabricated both off and on site and when building stages are complete. It is necessary to plan the job so that surface preparation and the drying/curing time of paint products in relation to temperature and humidity are considered. Also if one stage of construction takes place in a protected workshop environment and the next stage then takes place on site, recoating intervals must also be taken into account. Hempel’s skilled personnel is always available to assist its customers in selecting the most adequate coating system for the customer’s needs and requirements. For further information, please contact your local Hempel representative.
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SURFACE PREPARATION
2.1 Surface preparation grades There are many ways to classify steel surface preparation grades but this study focuses on those outlined below. A. Grades of a surface according to the ISO 8501-1 standard Standard surface preparation grades for primary surface preparation by abrasive blasting methods Sa 3
Blast-cleaning to visually clean steel When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt, and shall be free from mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter1. It shall have a uniform metallic colour.
Sa 2 ½
Very thorough blast-cleaning When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt, and from mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter1. Any remaining traces of contamination shall show only as slight stains in the form of spots or stripes.
Sa 2
Thorough blast-cleaning When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt, and from most of the mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter1. Any residual contamination shall be firmly adhering. (see note 2 below).
Sa 1
Light blast-cleaning When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt, and from poorly adhering mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter1.
Notes: 1. 0007The term ‘foreign matter’ may include water-soluble salts and welding residues. These contaminants cannot always be completely removed from the surface by dry blast-cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning or flame cleaning; wet blast-cleaning may be necessary. 2. Mill scale, rust or a paint coating is considered to be poorly adhering if it can be removed by lifting with a blunt putty knife.
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SURFACE PREPARATION
Standard preparation grades for primary surface preparation by hand cleaning
St 3
St 2
Very thorough hand and power tool cleaning As for St 2, but the surface shall be treated much more thoroughly to give a metallic sheen arising from the metallic substrate Thorough hand and power tool cleaning When viewed without magnification, the surfaces shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt, and from poorly adhering mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter (see note below)
Notes: Preparation grade St 1 is not included as it corresponds to a surface unsuitable for painting.
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B. Surface preparation grades after high pressure water cleaning Surface preparation grades by high pressure water cleaning should not only include the cleanliness grade but also the flash rust grade, since flash rusting may occur on cleaned steel during the drying period. There are several ways to classify the degree to which a steel surface is prepared after high pressure water cleaning. This study has used the ISO 8501-4 surface preparation grade standard using high pressure water jetting: “Initial surface conditions, preparation grades and flash rust grades in connection with high pressure water jetting”. The standard applies to surface preparation by high pressure water cleaning for a paint coating. It distinguishes three levels of cleanliness with reference to visible contaminants (Wa 1 – Wa 2½) such as rust, mill scale, old paint coatings and other foreign matter: Description of the surface after cleaning:
Wa 1
Wa 2
Wa 2½
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Light high-pressure water jetting When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil and grease, loose or defective paint, loose rust and other foreign matter. Any residual contamination shall be randomly dispersed and firmly adherent. Thorough high-pressure water jetting When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil, grease and dirt and most of the rust, previous paint coatings and other foreign matter. Any residual contamination shall be randomly dispersed and can consist of firmly adherent coatings, firmly adherent foreign matter and stains of previously existent rust. Very thorough high-pressure water jetting When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from all visible rust, oil, grease, dirt, previous paint coatings and, except for slight traces, all other foreign matter. Discoloration of the surface can be present where the original coating was not intact. The grey or brown/black discoloration observed on pitted and corroded steel cannot be removed by further water jetting.
SURFACE PREPARATION
Description of the surface appearance relating to three grades of flash rust:
L
Light flash rust A surface which, when viewed without magnification, exhibits small quantities of a yellow/brown rust layer through which the steel substrate can be seen. The rust (seen as a discoloration) can be evenly distributed or present in patches, but it will be tightly adherent and not easily removed by gentle wiping with a cloth.
M
Medium flash rust A surface which, when viewed without magnification, exhibits a layer of yellow/brown rust that obscures the original steel surface. The rust can be evenly distributed or present in patches, but it will be reasonably well adherent and it will lightly mark a cloth that is gently wiped over the surface.
H
Heavy flash rust A surface which, when viewed without mag nification, exhibits a layer of red-yellow/ brown rust that obscures the original steel surface and is loosely adherent. The rust layer can be evenly distributed or present in patches and it will readily mark a cloth that is gently wiped over the surface.
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2.2 Types of surfaces A.Steel surfaces To guarantee that a coating system delivers long lasting protection, it is essential to ensure that the right surface preparation is carried out before any paint is applied. For this reason the initial surface condition of the steel needs to be evaluated. Generally speaking, the condition of a steel surface prior to painting falls into one of the three following categories: a) 0007a bare steel structure with no previous protective paint coatings b) a steel surface coated with a shopprimer c) 0007a steel surface coated with a paint system which needs to be maintained These categories are outlined in more detail below. a. 0007A bare steel structure with no previous protective coatings Steel surfaces which have never been protected by paint coatings may be covered to a varying extent by rust, mill scale or other contaminants (dust, grease, ionic contamination/ soluble salts, residues etc.). The initial condition of such surfaces is defined by ISO 8501-1 standard: “Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness”. ISO 8501-1 standard identifies four initial conditions for steel: A,B,C,D:
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A
Steel surface largely covered with adherent mill scale but little, if any, rust.
B
Steel surface which has begun to rust and from which the mill scale has begun to flake.
C
Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away or can be removed by scraping, but with slight pitting visible under normal vision.
D
Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away and on which general pitting is visible under normal vision.
SURFACE PREPARATION
The corresponding photographs show levels of corrosion, preparation grades of unprotected steel substrates and steel substrates after completely removing previous coatings.
A GRADE Sa 2 1/2
A GRADE Sa 3
B GRADE Sa 2 1/2
B GRADE Sa 3
C GRADE Sa 2 1/2
C GRADE Sa 3
D GRADE Sa 2 1/2
D GRADE Sa 3
b. A 0007 steel surface covered with shopprimers The main purpose of applying shopprimers is to protect steel plates and structural components used in the prefabrication stage, or in storage before a main paint system is applied. A shopprimer film thickness normally equals 20 - 25 μm (these figures are quoted for a smooth test panel). Steel plates and structural components coated with shopprimers can be welded. Hempel offers the following shopprimers: HEMPEL’S SHOPPRIMER 15280 (protection period - 3 to 5 months) is a solvent-borne epoxy shopprimer pigmented with zinc polyphosphate. It is designed for automatic spray application or manual application. HEMPEL’S SHOPPRIMER ZS 15890 (protection period - 4 to 6 months) is a solvent borne zinc silicate shopprimer designed for automatic spray application. HEMPEL’S SHOPPRIMER ZS 15820 (protection period - 3 to 5 months) is a solvent borne zinc silicate shopprimer, designed for automatic spray application. HEMUCRYL SHOPPRIMER 18250 (protection period - 3 to 5 months) is a waterborne acrylic shopprimer. It is designed for automatic spray application or manual application. HEMUDUR SHOPPRIMER 18580 (protection period - 3 to 5 months) is a waterborne epoxy shopprimer designed for automatic spray application.
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Surfaces coated with a shopprimer must be prepared correctly prior to the application of a finishing paint system; this is termed ‘second surface preparation’. A shopprimer may need to be partially or completely removed. The second surface preparation will be determined by the finishing paint system and two key factors need to be taken into account: • 0007the compatibility of an applied shopprimer and a finishing paint system • 0007the surface profile achieved during preparation prior to a shopprimer application, i.e. whether the profile is suitable for a finishing paint system A surface coated with a shopprimer should always be thoroughly washed with water detergent (e.g. HEMPEL’S LIGHT CLEAN 99350) at 15-20 MPa, and then rinsed carefully prior to a paint system application. Corrosionded and damage due to welding spots must be cleaned to the preparation grade as specified in the ISO 8501-1 standard. c. 0007A steel surface coated with a paint system which needs to be maintained The condition of an existing paint system must be assessed using the degradation grade according to the standard and this must be done each time maintenance work is carried out. It will need to be determined whether the system should be completely removed or whether parts of the coating can remain. For the different amounts of surface preparation required refer to ISO 8501-2 standard: “Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Preparation grades of previously coated steel substrates after localized removal of previous coatings”. B. 0007Hot dipped galvanized steel, aluminium and stainless steel surfaces In addition to standard steel, other non-iron
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materials can be used in construction such as hot dipped galvanized steel, aluminium or high-alloy steels. All of them require a separate approach in terms of surface preparation and the selection of a paint system. a. Hot dipped galvanized steel When galvanised steel is exposed to the atmosphere, zinc corrosion products form on its surface. These products vary in their composition and adhesion and influence therefore the adhesive properties of applied paint systems. It is generally considered that the best surface for painting is one of pure (within hours of the galvanisation process) or seasoned zinc. For stages in between it is recommended that the zinc corrosion products are removed by washing the surface with Hempel’s alkaline cleaner. This can be carried out using a mixture of 20 litres of pure water to half a litre of HEMPEL’S LIGHT CLEAN 99350 detergent. The mixture must be applied to the surface and then rinsed off after half an hour, preferably at high pressure. If necessary washing should be combined with scrubbing using a special hard nylon bristle brush, abrasive paper or the surface cleaned by an abrasive (glass balls, sand, etc.). For coating systems in lower corrosion classes, special adhesion primers are recommended. For coating systems in higher corrosion classes, surface preparation should include mechanical preparation of the surface, preferably by abrasive sweep blasting with a mineral abrasive. b. Aluminium and stainless steel In the case of aluminium and stainless steel, the surface should be cleaned with fresh water and a detergent, then rinsed off thoroughly by pressure washing with fresh water. To obtain better adhesion for the paint system it is recommended that abrasive blasting is carried out with a mineral abrasive or special brushes are used.
For further information and thorough explanations on processes and procedures of surface preparation, you can contact your local Hempel representative.
MAXIMUM SERVICE TEMPERATURES
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MAXIMUM SERVICE TEMPERATURES
Paint products have different resistances to temperatures depending on the binder and pigments used. The temperature resistance of individual paint types is shown below.
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HEMPEL PAINTS
4.1. Generic Types Hempel offers the following main types of paint: one component: a) Alkyd b) Acrylic c) 0007Polysiloxane (for high temperature service) two components: a) Epoxy (pure and modified) b) Polyurethane c) Zinc silicate d) Polysiloxane hybrids 4.2. Explanation of Hempel product names Generally the name of a Hempel paint is based on a product name and a five-digit number e.g. HEMPATEX-HI BUILD 46410. 18
The product name denotes the group and generic type to which the paint belongs as shown in the following table:
HEMPEL PAINTS
Physically drying: HEMPATEX Acrylic (solvent-borne) HEMUCRYL Acrylic (water-borne)
Chemically curing: HEMPALIN Alkyd, modified alkyd (oxidatively drying) HEMULIN Alkyd (water-borne) HEMPADUR Epoxy, modified epoxy (solvent-borne, solvent-free) HEMUDUR Epoxy (water-borne) HEMPATHANE Polyurethane (solvent-borne) HEMUTHANE Polyurethane (water-borne) GALVOSIL Zinc silicate HEMPAXANE Polysiloxane hybrid (solvent-borne)
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A 5-digit number identifies the remaining properties of a product. The first two digits relate to the principal function and the generic type. The third and fourth digits are serial numbers. The fifth digit identifies specific formulas with the same product, e.g. high temperature curing/low, medium temperature curing, conformity to local legislation. Therefore, the first four digits define the end-user performance, i.e. the dried, cured paint material. The fifth digit usually relates to the conditions of application, however, may also be used purely for logistic reasons. First digit:
Function:
0_ _ _ _ Clear varnish, thinner 1_ _ _ _ Primer for steel and other metals 2_ _ _ _ Primer for non-metallic substrates 3_ _ _ _ Paste product, high-solids material 4_ _ _ _ Intermediate coating, high-build coating used with/without primer and finishing coat _ _ _ _ Finishing coat 5 _ _ _ _ Miscellaneous 6 7_ _ _ _ Antifouling paint 8_ _ _ _ Miscellaneous 9_ _ _ _ Miscellaneous Second digit:
Generic Type:
_0_ _ _ Asphalt, pitch, bitumen, tar _1_ _ _ Oil, oil varnish, long-oil alkyd _2_ _ _ Medium to long-oil alkyd _3_ _ _ Short-oil alkyd, epoxyester, silicone alkyd, urethane alkyd _4_ _ _ Miscellaneous _5_ _ _ Reactive binder (non-oxidative), one or two-component _6_ _ _ Physically drying binder (solvent-borne) (other than - 0 - - -) _7_ _ _ Miscellaneous _8_ _ _ Aqueous dispersion, thinner _9_ _ _ Miscellaneous Example: HEMPATEX ENAMEL 56360
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5 _ _ _
_ 6 _ _
_ _ 3 _
_ _ 6 _
_ _ _ 0
Topcoat Physically drying Serial number Standard formula
HEMPATEX
HEMPEL PAINTS
Hempel’s Product Data Sheets and Satefy Data Sheets are available on local Hempel websites in local languages. How to find local Product Data Sheets:
4.3. Hempel’s Shade Identification Paints, especially primers, are identified by a 5-digit number, as follows: White Whitish, grey Black Yellow, cream, buff Blue, violet Green Red, orange, pink Brown
10000 10010 - 19980 19990 20010 - 29990 30010 - 39990 40010 - 49990 50010 - 59990 60010 - 69990
Hempel’s standard shade numbers do not directly correlate to official colour standard numbers. However, in the case of finishing paints or other selected products, shades corresponding to specific official standard shades such as RAL, BS, NCS etc. may be established.
Shade identification example: HEMPADUR 45143-12170 Paint HEMPADUR 45143 in Hempel standard shade 12170 – light grey
HEMPADUR
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USEFUL DEFINITIONS
There are several useful definitions and terms used in coating protection technology. We provide you here with few necessary terms that you should be acquainted with when dealing with paints: Volume solids The volume solids (VS) figure expresses as a percentage the ratio of: Dry film thickness Wet film thickness The stated figure has been determined as the ratio between dry and wet film thickness of the coating applied in the indicated thickness under laboratory conditions, where no paint loss has been encountered. Theoretical Spreading Rate The theoretical spreading rate of the paint in a given dry film thickness on a completely smooth surface is calculated as follows: Volume solids % x 10 = m2/litre Dry film thickness (micron) Practical Consumption The practical consumption is estimated by multiplying the theoretical consumption with a relevant Consumption Factor (CF). The consumption factor or the practical consumption cannot be stated in the product Data Sheet because it depends on a number of external conditions such as:
also have an average thickness higher than the specified dry film thickness in order to fulfil the 80:20 rule for example. This means the paint consumption will be higher than the theoretically calculated amount if you want to reach the minimum specified film thickness. b. Size and shape of the surface: Complex and small-sized surfaces will lead to higher consumption through overspray, than the square, flat area which was used to work out the theoretical calculation. c. Surface roughness of the substrate: When a substrate has a particularly rough surface this creates a “dead volume” which uses more paint than if the surface was smooth and this will affect any theoretical calculations. In the case of shopprimers with a thin film, this has the effect of seemingly larger surface causing higher consumption as the paint film covers irregular surface hollows. d. Physical losses: Factors such as residues in cans, pumps and hoses, discarded paint due to exceeded pot life, losses due to atmospheric conditions, insufficient skills of a painter etc. will all contribute to a higher consumption.
a. Waviness of paint film: When paint is manually applied the film will show some waviness on the surface. It will
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For further definitions or explanations, please contact your local Hempel representative.
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS
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HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEMS FOR VARIOUS ATMOSPHERIC CORROSIVITY CATEGORIES & OTHER TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTS (in accordance with ISO 12944-5:2007)
C1/C2 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C3 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C4 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C5-I CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C5-M CORROSIVITY CATEGORY IMMERSED STRUCTURES HEAT RESISTANT STRUCTURES
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C1/C2 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS For Steel Structures in enclosed areas Sample Systems corresponding to C1/C2 Corrosivity Categories *1 Lifetime
System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
SB Alkyd 1 SB Alkyd 0-5 WB Alkyd Years WB 2 Alkyd SB Polyurethane 3
Lifetime System No Paint Type
1x HEMPAQUICK PRIMER 13624 1x HEMPAQUICK ENAMEL 53840 Total DFT 1x HEMULIN PRIMER 18310 1x HEMULIN ENAMEL 58380 Total DFT 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
Hempel Paint System Samples
SB Alkyd 1 SB Alkyd 2 WB Alkyd 5 - 15 WB Alkyd Years SB Epoxy 3 SB Polyurethane 4
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1x HEMPAQUICK PRIMER 13624 1x HEMPAQUICK ENAMEL 53840 Total DFT 1x HEMULIN PRIMER 18310 1x HEMULIN ENAMEL 58380 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR 47960 Total DFT 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
Thickness (micron)
40 40 80 μm 40 40 80 μm 80 80 μm
Thickness (micron)
80 40 120 μm 80 40 120 μm 120 120 μm 120 120 μm
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
SB Alkyd 1 SB Alkyd WB Alkyd 2 WB Alkyd WB Acrylic 3 WB Acrylic >15 Years SB Epoxy 4 SB Epoxy 5 SB Polyurethane WB Epoxy 6 WB Polyurethane
2x HEMPAQUICK PRIMER 13624 1x HEMPAQUICK ENAMEL 53840 Total DFT 2x HEMULIN PRIMER 18310 1x HEMULIN ENAMEL 58380 Total DFT 2x HEMUCRYL PRIMER HB 18032 1x HEMUCRYL ENAMEL HB 58030 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT
(micron)
120 40 160 120 40 160 120 40 160 160 160 100 60 160 100 60 160
μ m μ m μ m μ m μ m μ m
*1 For places where blasting as secondary surface preparation is not possible after production, the use of shopprimed steel is an option. Ask Hempel for more specific guidelines regarding optimum choice of shopprimer and need for secondary surface preparation. SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness
C1/C2
CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C1/C2
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C3 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS For Steel Structures in open areas Sample systems corresponding to C3 Corrosivity Category *1 Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
1x HEMPAQUICK PRIMER 13624 1x HEMPAQUICK ENAMEL 53840 Total DFT 1x HEMULIN PRIMER 18310 1x HEMULIN ENAMEL 58380 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR 47960 Total DFT 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
80 40 120 80 40 120 120 120 120 120
SB Alkyd 1 SB Alkyd WB Alkyd 0-5 2 Years WB Alkyd SB Epoxy 3 SB Polyurethane 4
Lifetime System No Paint Type
(micron)
Hempel Paint System Samples
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1 WB Acrylic WB Acrylic 5 - 15 SB Epoxy 2 Years SB Polyurethane 3 WB Epoxy WB Polyurethane
1x HEMUCRYL PRIMER HB 18032 1x HEMUCRYL ENAMEL HB 58030 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT
μm μm μm μm
Thickness (micron)
80 80 160 μ m 80 80 160 μ m 100 60 160 μ m
C3
CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C3
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
WB Acrylic 1 WB Acrylic SB Epoxy 2 SB Polyurethane >15 Years WB Epoxy 3 WB Polyurethane SB Zinc Epoxy SB Epoxy 4 SB Polyurethane
2x HEMUCRYL PRIMER HB 18032 1x HEMUCRYL ENAMEL HB 58030 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
(micron)
160 40 200 120 80 200 160 40 200 40 80 60 180
μm μm μm
μ m
*1 For the places that blasting as secondary surface preparation is not possible after production, the use of shopprimed steel is an option. Zinc silicate based shopprimers e.g. Hempel’s Shopprimer ZS 15890 or 15820 are preferred – especially for later overcoating with zinc containing paints – Epoxy based shopprimers E.g. Hempel Shopprimer 15280 or 18580 can also be used in case of later overcoating with non-zinc containing paint. Ask Hempel for more specific guidelines regarding optimum choice of shopprimer and need for secondary surface preparation. SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness
C4 CORROSIVITY CATEGORY
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS For Steel Structures in open areas Sample systems corresponding to C4 Corrosivity Category *1 Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
WB Acrylic 1 WB Acrylic 0-5 Years SB Epoxy 2
Lifetime System No Paint Type
(micron)
2x HEMUCRYL PRIMER HB 18032 1x HEMUCRYL ENAMEL HB 58030 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1 Total DFT
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 1x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT
140 100 240 200 40 240 40 100 60 200 40 110 50 200
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane WB Epoxy 2 WB Polyurethane 5 - 15 SB Zinc Epoxy Years SB Epoxy 3 SB Polyurethane WB Zinc Epoxy WB Epoxy 4 WB Polyurethane 28
160 40 200 μm 200 200 μm
(micron)
μ m μ m
μm
μm
C4
CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C4
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
2x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPEL’s GALVOSIL 15700 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
200 80 280 40 120 80 240 40 160 40 240 60 100 80 240
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane SB Zinc Epoxy SB Epoxy 2 > 15 SB Polyurethane Years WB Zinc Epoxy WB Epoxy 3 WB Polyurethane SB Zinc Silicate SB Epoxy 4 SB Polyurethane
(micron)
μm
μ m
μ m
μ m
*1 For the places that blasting as secondary surface preparation is not possible after production, the use of shopprimed steel is an option. Zinc silicate based shopprimers e.g. Hempel’s Shopprimer ZS 15890 or 15820 are preferred – especially for later overcoating with zinc containing paints – Epoxy based shopprimers E.g. Hempel Shopprimer 15280 or 18580 can also be used in case of later overcoating with non-zinc containing paint. Ask Hempel for more specific guidelines regarding optimum choice of shopprimer and need for secondary surface preparation. SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness
ΑΓΓΛΙΚΟ
C5-I CORROSIVITY CATEGORY
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS For Steel Structures in open areas Sample systems corresponding to C5 Industrial Corrosivity Category *1
Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane SB Zinc Epoxy 5 - 15 SB Epoxy Years 2 SB Polyurethane WB Zinc Epoxy WB 3 Epoxy WB Polyurethane
Thickness (micron)
2x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
30
220 60 280 μm 60 120 60 240 μ m 40 160 40 240 μ m
CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C5-I
Hempel Paint System Samples
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane SB Zinc Epoxy SB Epoxy 2 SB Polyurethane > 15 Years WB Zinc Epoxy WB Epoxy 3 WB Polyurethane SB Zinc Silicate SB Epoxy 4 SB Polyurethane
2x HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1/W 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPEL’s GALVOSIL 15700 1x HEMUDUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
Thickness (micron)
240 80 320 60 140 80 280 40 200 40 280 80 120 80 280
μm
C5-I
Lifetime System No Paint Type
μm
μm
μm
*1 For places where blasting as secondary surface preparation is not possible after production, the use of shopprimed steel is an option. Zinc silicate based shopprimers e.g. Hempel’s Shopprimer ZS 15890 or 15820 are preferred, especially for later overcoating with paints containing zinc. Epoxy based shopprimers e.g. Hempel Shopprimer 15280 or 18580 can also be used in the case of later overcoating with paint not containing zinc. Ask Hempel for more specific guidelines regarding the optimum choice of shopprimer and the need for secondary surface preparation.
SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness
ΑΓΓΛΙΚΟ
C5-M CORROSIVITY CATEGORY
HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS For Steel Structures in open areas Sample systems corresponding to C5 Marine Corrosivity Category *1 Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane WB Epoxy WB Polyurethane 2 5 - 15 Years SB Zinc Epoxy SB Epoxy 3 SB Polyurethane WB Zinc Epoxy WB Epoxy 4 WB Polyurethane
2x HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1/W 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 3x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 1x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT
(micron)
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
32
200 80 280 240 40 280 40 120 80 240 40 160 40 240
μm μm
μ m
μ m
CORROSIVITY CATEGORY C5-M
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
SB Epoxy 1 SB Polyurethane SB Zinc Epoxy 2 SB Epoxy SB Polyurethane > 15 Years WB Zinc Epoxy WB Epoxy 3 WB Polyurethane SB Zinc Silicate SB Epoxy 4 SB Polyurethane
2x HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1/W 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMPADUR ZINC 17360 2x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT 1x HEMUDUR ZINC 18560 2x HEMUDUR 18500 1x HEMUTHANE ENAMEL 58510 Total DFT 1x HEMPEL’s GALVOSIL 15700 2x HEMPADUR 47960 1x HEMPATHANE HS 55610 Total DFT
(micron)
240 80 320 40 160 80 280 40 200 40 280 60 140 80 280
μm
μm
μm
μm
*1 For places where blasting as secondary surface preparation is not possible after production, the use of shopprimed steel is an option. Zinc silicate based shopprimers e.g. Hempel’s Shopprimer ZS 15890 or 15820 are preferred, especially for later overcoating with paints containing zinc. Epoxy based shopprimers e.g. Hempel Shopprimer 15280 or 18580 can also be used in the case of later overcoating with paint not containing zinc. Ask Hempel for more specific guidelines regarding the optimum choice of shopprimer and the need for secondary surface preparation. SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness
C5-M
Lifetime System No Paint Type
ΑΓΓΛΙΚΟ
IMMERSED STRUCTURES HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS
1. For Steel Structures immersed in water (excluding potable water) or buried in soil Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
Epoxy 1 Epoxy 5 - 15 Epoxy Years 2 Epoxy Epoxy GF 3 Lifetime System No Paint Type
(micron)
HEMPADUR 17634 HEMPADUR 17634
Total DFT HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1/W HEMPADUR MASTIC 45880/1/W Total DFT HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH GF 35870 Total DFT Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
Epoxy Epoxy 1 Epoxy Epoxy > Epoxy 15 2 Years Epoxy Epoxy GF 3 Epoxy GF Epoxy 4 34
HEMPADUR 17634 HEMPADUR 17634 HEMPADUR 17634
Total DFT HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH 45701/3 HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH 45751/3 HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH 45751/3 Total DFT HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH GF 35870 HEMPADUR MULTI-STRENGTH GF 35870 Total DFT HEMPADUR 87540 Total DFT
160 160 320 μm 160 160 320 μm 400 400 μm (micron)
150 150 150 450 125 150 150 425 350 350 700 800 800
μm
μm μm μm
IMMERSED STRUCTURES
2. For Steel Structures immersed in potable water (drinking water) Lifetime System No Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Samples
Thickness
1 5 - 15 Years 2
Epoxy (solventfree) Epoxy (solventfree)
HEMPADUR 35560 HEMPADUR 35560
Epoxy (solventfree)
HEMPADUR 35560
(micron)
Total DFT Total DFT
200 200 400 μm 400 400 μm
3. Tanklining for fuels (Crude oil, Jet fuel, Gasoline etc.) Hempel Paint System Sample
Epoxy (Phenolic) Epoxy (Phenolic) Epoxy (Phenolic)
HEMPADUR 85671 HEMPADUR 85671 HEMPADUR 85671
Thickness (micron)
Total DFT
100 100 100 300 μm
For recommendations for tanklinings for other chemicals contact your local Hempel office. Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
SB= Solvent Borne
WB= Waterborne
DFT= Dry Film Thickness GF= Glass Flake
IMMERSED STRUCTURES
Paint Type
ΑΓΓΛΙΚΟ
HEAT RESISTANT STRUCTURES HEMPEL PAINT SYSTEMS
For Steel Structures that need to be heat resistant Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Sample
Thickness (micron)
HEMPEL’S GALVOSIL 15780
75
Silicon
HEMPEL’S SILICONE ALUMINIUM 56910
25
Silicon
HEMPEL’S SILICONE ALUMINIUM 56910 Total DFT
Zinc Silicate
25 125 μm
Maximum heat resistance: 500oC
Hempel can offer many other coating systems to your specific needs. Please contact your local representative for further information.
36
HEAT RESISTANT STRUCTURES
Paint Type
Hempel Paint System Sample
Thickness (micron)
Silicon
HEMPEL’S SILICONE ALUMINIUM 56910
25
Silicon
HEMPEL’S SILICONE ALUMINIUM 56910
25
Silicon
HEMPEL’S SILICONE ALUMINIUM 56910 Total DFT
25 75 μm
Maximum heat resistance: 600oC
Paint Type
Zinc Silicate
Hempel Paint System Sample HEMPEL’S GALVOSIL 15700 Total DFT
Thickness (micron) 80 80 μm
HEAT RESISTANT STRUCTURES
Maximum heat resistance: 500oC
38
Hempel A/S Lundtoftevej 150 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Tlf.: +45 45 93 38 00 Fax: +45 45 88 55 18 www.hempel.dk [email protected]